Liquid fuel burning apparatus



April 8, 1947. L. s. CHADWlCK LIQUID FUEL BURNING APPARATUS Filed June5, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR, QQJQDW own WAM' April &, 1%? L. s.HAIDWEGK 2,4131%,522

LIQUID FUEL BURNING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 5, 1943 ill Inin V l ,JNVENTOR. Q2 'immu a 1' 3* A? TTMFNEW Patented pr. 8, 1947LIQUID FUEL BG APPARATUS Lee S. Chadwick, Shaker Heights, Ohio, assignorto Perfection Stove Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of OhioApplication June 5, 1943, Serial No. 489,741

This invention relates to improvements in liquid fuel burners of thebowl or pot type, and more particularly to a construction wherein alighting tube rises through the bottom of the bowl. Suitable ignitingmeans, such as a torch,

is adapted to be projected upwardly through the tube for the purpose oflighting the burner. An example of such a construction will be found inthe copending application of Marc Resek, flied March 13, 1943, SerialNo. 479,038.

The main object of the present invention is to improve the supply anddistribution of the combustiOn air in a burner of the bowl or pot typecharacterized by a bottom lighting tube.

, and highly satisfactory operation of the apparatus.

Other more limited objects will appear a I proceed to describe theinvention by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is acentral vertical section through the lower portion of a liquid fuelburning apparatus embodying one form of the invention; Fig. 2,is ahorizontal section through the burner bowl on the line 22 of Fig. 1;Fig. 3 is a central vertical section through a burner bowl incorporatinganother form of the invention; Fig. 4 is a similar view illustrating afurther modification, and Fig. 5, on a considerably reduced scale, showsthe fuel feed control in conjunction with the burner by which a givenfuel level is maintained.

The apparatus, as illustrated in Fig. 1, comprises a sectional drum-likecasing I that is divided by a partition 2 into a combustion chamber 3and an air compartment 4, the air being supplied thereto through itsopen bottom. Situated within the air compartment 6 is a burner bowl 5,shown in horizontal section in Fig, 2, and its annular top wall 6 isproperly spaced from and connected to the partition 2 by spacers 8. Thecentral opening 9 of the top wall is surrounded by a depending flangeIE) that is properly spaced from a flange II that surrounds an openingR2 in the partition 2 to provide, between said flanges, an annular slotI5 through which air, flowing 8 Claims. (Cl. 158-91) 7 across the top ofthe burner bowl beneath the partition 2 from the air compartment C,enters the bowl.

The peripheral wall of the bowl is provided with circumferential rows ofair admitting openings l6, and at its lower end said wall is curvedinwardly and merges into a frusto-conical reentrant bottom wall It thatis shown as terminating at its upper end in a vertical lip or flange I9.

Rising centrally within the bowl through the bottom plane thereof is alighting tube 20 whose top end is curled outwardly and downwardly overthe flange l9, as shown at 2|. centralized within the flange 19 byseveral gfie sirablythreel outward bumps or projections 22 that engagesaid flange, while the outer edge of the curled over portion is keptproperly spaced from the flange by three or more inward projec tions orindentations 23. a

An annular plate 25 has its peripheral portion engaged with the bottomof the burner-bowl and the central opening of said plate is surroundedby 2. depending flange 26 that is engaged with the lighting tube 20.Said plate may be attached, as by welding, to either the bowl'or thetube, or to both. Adjacent said tube, the plate 25 is provided with aseries of openings 21, some of which are shown in dotted lines in Fig.2. A' shell 30 surrounds the bottom portion of the burner bowl and isdisposed in spaced relation thereto, the same being sustained bybrackets 32 from the adjacent section of the casing I. The purpose ofthis shell is to prevent chilling of "the bottom valve mechanismdesignated a.

portion of the bowl by shielding it from the fresh air entering" thecompartment 4, as such a condition would adversely affect vaporizationof the fuel within the trough-like sump that is formed by the annularbottom of the bowl and to which fuel i fed through a supply pipe 33. Asillustrated more or less schematically in Fig. 5, the pipe 33 leads froma chamber A to which fuel is supplied from a suitable source (not shown)through a conduit a, and wherein the fuel is maintained at a given levelby float controlled The same fuel level, indicated by the broken linesXi, prevails in the burner bowl 5.

Attached to and depending from the plate 25 is a bracket 35 to the lowerend of which is connected, by a pivot pin 36, a bar 31. The free end ofthe bar has pivoted to it a latch member 38 that is arranged ,forengagement with a keeper 39 on the lighting tube 20, thereby toreleasably sustain the bar 31 horizontally beneath the light- 3 ingtube. Yieldlngly carried by the bar 31 for contact with' an inturnedflange 40 that surrounds the lower end of the lighting tube is arelatively large disk-like closure 4|, the same having an opening 42 anda notch 43 for the accommodation of thelatch member 38 and the bracket35, respectively: The closure is movably connected to the bar 31 by apin 44 that has one of its ends riveted within an opening of the closure4| and its opposite end projected through a hole in the bar :1, beyondwhich the pin is provided with a head 45. When the latch 38 is engagedwith the keeper 39, the closure 4| is urged into contact with the flange40 by a, coil spring 45 that surrounds the pin 44 and is compressedbetween the closure and the bar 31.

Assuming that liquid fuel is present in the burner bowl to about thelevel indicated bythe dotted line a, the burner may be'lighted by firstreleasing the latch 38 and allowing the closure 4| to drop out of theway and then projecting a lighted torch or other igniting means upwardlythrough the tube 20 and holding it in igniting relation 'to the fuelwithin the sump. A torch suitable for this purpose is illustrated in theabove mentioned application, where it is explained that the torch may beinserted through the lighting tube and the absorbed element or wickthereof dipped into the oil for the purpose of saturating the saidelement or wick before lighting it. After lighting the burner, theclosure 4| is returned to its former position where it is held by thelatch 88. Air to promote combustion passes from the compartment '4upwardly through the openings 21 and thence over the lip or flange I9beneath the curled over portion 2| of the lighting tube, and enters theburner bowl in a well diffused tlon chamber 3, the primary air underthese conditions being supplied through the openings Hi to the top ofthe lighting tube by horizontal portions of radial ribs 65, said ribstapering downwardly to the bottom of the closure so as to serve as meansfor centering the closure within the top of the tube. Suitablyconnected, as by a. bracket 66, to the bottom of the closure. is a rod61 between the head 68 of which and said bracket is a rocking bearing69. The rod 61 extends downwardly through, and well beyond,

' an apertured lug Ill that is suitably fastened to and beneath thecurled over upper end of the to leave a space between its inner edge andsaid tube through which air passes from the sur-= rounding aircompartmentto the burner bowl through a circumferential row of openings5 in said cylindrical extension 50.

- In all other respects, the present form of the invention may be likethat previously described, wherefore the same reference characters areused to designate the corresponding parts of the two' forms.

According to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 4, noclosure is provided for the bottom of the lighting tube, butone isassociated with the top thereof and forms one of the constituents of theair controlling and distribut the lower end of the lightin tube. Betweensaid. lug and an abutment 1| on the lower end of the rod, is a coilspring 72 that serves to yieldingly hold the closure 63 within the upperend of the lighting tube. the burner, a lighted torch or the like may beprojected up through the tubeinto the bowl, this action automaticallytilting the closure against the action of the spring 12, the closurepivoting on the top edge of the lighting tube at the side adjacent thebracket 66. When the torch is withdrawn, the spring I2, through th rod51, returns the closure to normal position, as illustrated in thedrawing. With the burner in operation, air rises through the lightingtube and enters the bowl through the annular slot defined by the topedge of the tube and the overhanging flange 54, the latter serving tofan out the air into a sheet that extends about the'burner bowl. Aring-like plate 15 has its peripheral portion engaged with the bottom ofthe burner bowl and closely surrounds the lighting tube, no means beingnecessary in this form of the invention to admit air to the spacebetween said plate and the reentrant bottom wall 6|. The plate isconnected, as by welding, to either the bowl or the lighting tube, or toboth. This embodiment of the invention, in other respects, may be thesame as that first described, and accordingly the same referencecharacters designate the corresponding parts of the twoforms.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In liquid fuel burning apparatus, an upright burner bowl having aperipheral wall, a reentrant frusto-conical bottom wall joined to thelower end of said peripheral wall and terminating at its upper end in alip, a lighting tube rising through the bottom of the bowl andsurrounded adjacent its upper end by said lip and spaced from the lip toprovide an annular space between the tube and lip, the top of thelighting tube being curled outwardly and over said lip in spacedrelationthereto, means for supplying liquid fuel to the burner bowl, aclosure for the lighting tube, and means for releasably retaining saidclosure in closed position for ready removal when it is desired to lightthe inflammable mixture of fuel vapor and air in the bowl.

2. In liquid fuel burning apparatus, an upright burner bowl having aperipheral wall, a reentrant frusto-conical bottom wall Joined to thelower end of said peripheral wall and providing with said peripheralwall an annular trough-like sump, means for admitting liquid fuel tosaid sump, the top portion of said reentrant bottom wall When it isdesired to light bottom wall joined to the lower end of said peripheralwall and having a relatively large central openin a lighting tube forthe admission of a portable igniter, said tube rising through the bottomof the bowl with its upper end projected through said opening in spacedrelation to the surrounding portion of the reentrant bottom wall, thetop end of said tube being extended outwardly and thence downwardly overthe edge of said bottom wall, the turned-over portion of the tube havinginwardly extended projections engaging the outer side of the top end ofthe reentrant bottom wall and the body portion of the tube beingprovided with outwardly extending projections that engage the inner sideof said top end, means for supplying liquid fuel to the burner bowl, aclosure for the lighting tube, and means releasably retaining saidclosure in closed position.-

4. In liquid fuel burning apparatus, an upright burner bowl having aperipheral wall, a reentrant bottom wall joined to the lower end of saidperipheral wall, a lighting tube for the admission of a portableigniter, said tube rising through the bottom of the bowl and having itstop end surrounded by and attached to the,corresponding end 0!. thereentrant bottom wall, means for supplying liquid fuel to theburnerbowl, a closure for the top of the lighting tube, meanspositioning the closure with its peripheral portion in vertically spacedrelation to the top end of the lighting tube, and means yieldinglyretaining the closure in closed position.

5. In liquid fuel burning apparatus, an upright burner bowl having aperipheral wall, a reentrant bottom wall joined to the lower end of saidperipheral wall, a lighting tube for the admission of a portableigniter, said tube rising through the bottom of the bowl and having itstop end surrounded by and attached to the corresponding end 01' thereentrant bottom wall, means for supplying liquid fuel to the burnerbowl, a closure for the top of the lighting tube having a. part arrangedto extend downwardly into the tube in spaced relation thereto and aperipheral part arranged to overhang the top edge of the tube, meanslocating the closure in a position with said peripheral part invertically spaced relation to said edge, and means yieldingly retainingthe closure in said position.

6. In liquid fuel burning apparatus, a burner bowl characterized by areentrant bottom wall provided with a central opening, a lighting tubefile of this patent:

6 disposed within said opening and having its upper end deflectedoutwardly over the surrounding portion of said bottom wall in spacedrelation thereto, means for supplying liquid fuel to the burner bowl,and a closure for the lighting tube. 7. In' liquid fuel burningapparatus, a burner bowl characterized by a reentrant bottom wallprovided with a central opening, the top edge of said reentrant bottomwall forming a lip, a lighting tube disposed within said opening anddepending below the bottom of the bowl and having its upper enddeflected outwardly and thence downwardly over the aforesaid lip, thetube being provided with projections that engage the inner and outersides of said lip for maintaining the tube in properly spaced relationthereto, means for supplying liquid fuel to the burner bowl, and aclosure for the lighting tube.

8. In a burner of the pot type, a burner pot havin bottom and sidewalls, a lighting tube projectin upwardly into the interior of the pot,the pot having a maximum fuel level below the top of said lighting tube,and a cover movable between an effective position wherein it obstructsthe passageway through said lighting tube and an ineffective positionpermitting the insertion of a lighting device through said tube, theburner being constructed to provide openings through whichrwhen thecover i in effective position a limited supply of air is admitted to theinterior of the burner pot around the upper end of the lighting tubeabove the maximum fuel level in the pot.

LEE S. CHADWICK.

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